I cant re-call who sent this but-

[Guest guest]

I have a friend in another graphics group that has fibromyalgia and she was

curious of the source of the below send through here- and when we click on the

hyperlink we get source not found- is anyone aware of where this came from and

who the source is? She is building reference pages on fibromyalgia so wants to

give proper sources. Thanks in Advance- Hugsssssss TJ

https://www.haworthpress.com/store/ArticleAbstract.asp?sid=R5AH360CJSXE8GPM0

SDKGJGH9GSC5MNE&ID=42619

Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Central Role for the Hippocampus:

A Theoretical Construct

Page Range: 19 - 26

DOI: 10.1300/J094v12n01_04

B Wood MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine,

Louisiana State Health Science Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71103,

pwood@...

Abstract:

Objective: A growing body of evidence implicates the central nervous system

as playing a primary role in the diverse phenomena associated with

fibromyalgia, including hyperactivity of stress systems and enhanced

nociception. The objective of this review is to propose a unifying theory to

explain a majority of these. Findings: Stress exposure causes deleterious

changes within the central nervous system, the hippocampus being

particularly vulnerable. The hippocampus is perhaps best known for its role

in memory and cognition, two functions which are impacted by elevated

glucocorticoid levels such as occur in prolonged stress. The hippocampus

also provides inhibitory drive to brain centers associated with the stress

response, i.e., the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, central amygdala,

and locus coeruleus. In addition, the hippocampus has been demonstrated to

participate in nociception, a function positively correlated with the

activity of hippocampal N-methyl-Daspartate [NMDA] subtype glutamate

receptors. A variety of stress-related hormones are known to enhance the

activity of hippocampal NMDA receptors, thereby increasing excitatory

neurotransmission within the hippocampus. While the impact of stress-related

hormones on hippocampal NMDA receptor function is adaptive in the acute

scenario, exposure to chronic stress eventually leads to hippocampal

dysfunction and atrophy secondary to excessive excitatory neurotransmission

[i.e., excitotoxicity]. Conclusion: Fibromyalgia is characterized by

abnormalities that appear to be related to hippocampal dysfunction,

including hyperactivity of both corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons and

the sympathetic nervous system, impaired declarative memory, and enhanced

NMDA receptormediated nociception. It is therefore postulated that

stress-induced, NMDA receptor-mediated dysfunction within the hippocampus

plays a central role in the etiopathogenesis and clinical phenomena of

fibromyalgia.