Fifth Disease

[Guest guest]

In wondering if we all do indeed have cea, I found the following

information...

a

What is " fifth disease " ?

Fifth disease (also known as " erythema infectiosum " ) is so named because in

the pre-vaccination era, it was frequently the " fifth disease " that a child

would develop. Fifth disease is caused by a virus known as parvovirus B 19.

About 50% of adults have been infected with the virus but do not remember

having it because it often does not cause symptoms.

What are the symptoms of fifth disease?

Fifth disease generally occurs in children between 5-15 years of age, but

can affect any age group, including adults. It most commonly occurs during

the winter and spring. The illness begins with a low-grade fever and malaise

(a sense of not feeling well). This is followed by a characteristic bright

red rash on the cheeks (the so called " slapped cheeks " rash). Finally, a

fine, red, lace-like rash can develop over the rest of the body. This rash

may last for 5 days to a week and occasionally comes and goes for up to 3

weeks. The other symptoms are usually gone by the time the rash appears.

While the illness is not serious in children, 80% (4 out of 5) of adults

with fifth disease can have joint aches and pains. This arthritis may become

a long term problem. People with arthritis from fifth disease usually have

stiffness in the morning, with redness and swelling of the same joints on

both sides of the body (a " symmetrical " arthritis). The joints most commonly

involved are the knees, fingers, and wrists.

What are the serious complications of fifth disease?

Rarely, patients have difficulties forming a normal number of white and red

blood cells as a result of fifth disease. This complication can be fatal,

but is exceedingly rare.

Pregnant women (who have not previously had the illness) should avoid

contact with patients who have fifth disease. The fifth disease virus can

infect the fetus prior to birth. And, while no birth defects have been

reported as a result of fifth disease, it can cause the death of the unborn

fetus. The risk of fetal death is 5-10% if the mother becomes infected.

What is the treatment for fifth disease?

The treatment is supportive only. Fluids, acetaminophen, and rest are

important. Antibiotics are of no use in the treatment of fifth disease since

it is a viral illness. In those with persistent arthritis, antiinflammatory

medications, such as ibuprofen or naproxen can be used.

How is the virus spread and should I be isolated if I have fifth disease?

The virus of fifth disease is spread mostly by droplets. This means that

when an infected person coughs or sneezes, the virus can be spread. However,

once the rash is present, the person is usually no longer infectious and

need not be isolated.