Re: Accessing docs in the files section???

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I can't get any either.

which paper are you refering to?

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Google heeft geen banden met de auteurs van deze pagina en is niet

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This is a LONG discussion on the phenol-sulphotransferase issue, but it

is very informative and I recommend you print it out and study it if

you think your child might have this problem. This is a condition that

affects 80% to 90% of the children with autism. It is vital that you

understand the symptoms, and if they affect your child, you must

" unload the donkey " . PST (phenol- sulfotransferase) is a Phase II enzyme

that detoxifies leftover hormones and a wide variety of toxic

molecules, such as phenols and amines that are produced in the body

(and even in the gut by bacteria, yeast, and other fungi) as well as

food dyes and chemicals. These reactions include the breakdown of

bilirubin and biliverdin, which are the breakdown products of

hemoglobin. There are many varieties of phenols. This may indicate why

children's intolerances vary. Remember, Bolte notes that tetanus

infection of the intestines leads to the formation of toxic phenols,

and states that these are particularly formed by overgrowth of the

Clostridium family of bacteria. The toxins formed can peel the lining

of the colon right off the organ, and lead to an explosive,

debilitating form of diarrhea. She notes that tetanus also attacks the

Purkinje cells of the brain potentially reducing the production of the

amino acid GABA, a calming neurotransmitter known to affect speech.

" The PST enzyme is only one of many sulfotransferases, and various

other body chemicals can increase the quantity of some

sulfotransferases, and that would increase their activity....Sulfate

must be grabbed by any sulfotransferase before the enzyme can attach it

to something else, like phenols or MHPG (3 methoxy-4-

hydroxyphenylglycol, a natural breakdown product of a class of

neurotransmitters called catecholamines). If the PST enzyme activity

towards something is low, you can boost it by two approaches. The first

is to increase the amount of sulfate available to it. The second is to

increase the amount of the enzyme so it has an easier job finding the

available sulfate. " - Owens. The PST enzyme links an oxidized

sulfur molecule (a sulfate) to these various toxic substances to

solubilize them so the kidneys can dispose of them. Obviously, if

sulfate is low or missing, this can't happen effectively. Hence, the

problem can be twofold: there may be a lack of phenol-sulfotransferase

enzymes, or of the sulfates (due to the absence of protein and of

sulfur carrying raw vegetables in the diet, the poor absorption of

sulfur from the diet, a failure to metabolize sulfur into sulfate form,

or increased urinary excretion of sulfite and sulfate). Dr. Rosemary

Waring's research shows that the lack of sulfate is the primary problem

in 73% of these children (another study found low levels in 92%), but

all of those Waring checked had a low PST level too. Similar sulfate

deficiencies have been reported in people with migraine, rheumatoid

arthritis, jaundice, and other allergic conditions all of which are

anecdotally reported as common in the families of people with autism.

Adequate sulfoxidation requires adequate supplies of B-vitamins,

especially vitamin B6. The PST enzymes are inhibited or overloaded by

chocolate, bananas, orange juice, vanillin, and food colorants such as

tartrazine. Removal of these from the diet and supplementation of

sulfates may well relieve all these symptoms. The lack of sulfation

could well be due to the largely carbohydrate diet of most of these

children. It is likely a combination of all these things. In any case,

toxic compounds of these aforementioned chemicals can build to

dangerous levels. A high value for the tIAG (?) as well as a high

reading for DHPPA (rather HPHPA-a phenolic metabolite of tyrosine) both

indicate a PST problem. There are two pathways by which the Phase II

enzymes process these toxins. One attaches the sulfates as mentioned,

and the other attaches glucuronide. Dr. Waring has found that in

autistic patients there is not nearly enough sulfate to glucuronate

ratio. She and her associates feel that the " leaky gut " , that causes a

need for a Gf/Cf diet, is caused by this lack of adequate sulfate to

provide sulfation of the glucosaminoglycans (sulfated sugars). They

found that the glucosaminoglycans (gags) in the gut were very under

sulfated, and that this causes a thickening of the basement membrane of

the gut. IGF (insulin-like growth factor) is important for cell growth.

IGF-1 (which is reduced in zinc deficiency) increases the incorporation

of sulfate in glucosaminoglycans. Unfortunately, a lack of sulfated

gags in the kidneys will allow loss of these sulfates. There is often

found low plasma sulfate and high urine sulfate and high urinary

thiosulfate as if the kidneys are not able to retain (recycle) sulfate.

This needed retention requires the work of a transporter that has been

found in " in vitro " studies to be blocked almost completely by mercury

and by excess chromium (but not as thoroughly). One study found urinary

sulfite to be elevated due to a lack of molybdenum in 36%.

Supplementing moly showed improvements in clinical symptoms. Sugar

increases the amounts of calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and

glucosaminoglycans being wasted in the urine. Sulfates have a negative

charge and repel each other, so that charge forms a barrier on the

outside of the cell called the matrix, or the glycocalyx. Sulfate is

often found in the glycoprotein film also. Glycoprotein is a

sugar/protein film that enables cell-cell communication. This film is

on all cells of the body, so if systemic sulfate is low, you most

likely have a big problem that is quite general to the whole body.

Specifically, the more densely sulfated the GAGs, the more they can

resist all kinds of infection. These sulfate molecules govern or

influence the ability of the cell to produce its unique set of

specialized proteins. It is not something you want to be operating from

a deficit, yet that is the condition of most autistic children. Dr.

Waring found that 92% of autistic children seem to be wasting sulfate

in the urine; for blood plasma levels are typically low and urinary

levels are high. There is also an abnormal cysteine to sulfate ratio.

Cysteine is the amino acid that should be used to make sulfate, so it

appears that the sulfate is probably being utilized far faster than the

cysteine can be converted, leaving a deficit of sulfate (sugar wastes

it), or the cysteine is not being metabolized to sulfate. That may

cause the cysteine to build up to toxic levels. Cysteine is formed from

the essential amino acid methionine. Homocysteine, an intermediate

between methionine and cysteine, and cysteine are powerful

excitotoxins. In the aged, and in chronic disease, methionine is not

efficiently converted to cysteine, but builds homocysteine. This can

create a deficiency of this vital amino acid, cysteine, and a lack of

sulfate. A deficiency of cysteine, or a failure to metabolized it to

sulfate, will produce multiple chemical sensitivities and food

allergies. Being a major part of the powerful antioxidants alpha lipoic

acid and glutathione, a deficiency of cysteine, or a failure to

metabolize it into these antioxidants, would greatly affect the liver's

ability to detoxify, and would lead to destruction throughout the body

by free radicals This would also allow buildup of the heavy metals

lead, cadmium, mercury, and aluminum. Supplementation of vitamin B2,

B6, B12, folic acid, magnesium, and TMG may normalize metabolism of

methionine into cysteine, but vitamin C is needed to prevent cysteine

(which contributes its sulfur more readily) from converting to cystine,

its oxidized form. What could be one source of interference with

sulfation? Swimming! High concentrations of chlorate were detected in

samples from a number of pools; in one case as high as 40 mg/l. Higher

chlorate concentrations were associated with those pools using

hypochlorite solution as a disinfecting agent, while relatively low

chlorate concentrations were found in pools treated with gaseous

chlorine. Chlorate IS the biological substance of choice to block

sulfation. Additionally, chlorate is known to inhibit hematopoiesis

[the making of new blood cells], a problem with many of our kids.

Additionally, hypochlorite reportedly combines with any phenolic

compound, even in very dilute solutions, to form an aromatic compound

that can react in the body. This combining of chemicals can be very

toxic to susceptible individuals. One Mom found that an Epsom salts

bath immediately following eliminated after swimming problems in

behavior. So, if you must swim, do the bath immediately after coming

from the pool. For home pools, one Mother reports, " An ionizer cuts

down chlorine use by 70-80%. Since installing this, we don't see the

reactions anymore. " The excess-cysteine/low-sulfate condition that

Waring observed may be because of a deficiency of the amino acid

histidine that can be run low by seasonal allergies and the medications

taken to treat them. Metal toxicities, common in these kids, can run it

low. Experimental deficiency of histidine causes an excess of free iron

in the blood. This can adversely affect the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase

(CDO), the essential nutritional components of the enzyme being

histidine and iron. A deficiency of this amino acid, possibly caused by

allergies, heavy metals poisoning, and medications, not only affects

HCl production (histidine delivers zinc to the cells, and together they

produce HCl), but it will likely cause a toxic build up of the amino

acid cysteine, and a lack of sufficient taurine and sulfate

contributing to the PST problem. High histidine lowers zinc and copper

by chelating them from the body. Supplementing taurine, the sulfur

containing amino-acid that is at the end of the metabolic chain, has

been helpful in meeting this need for taurine; and, being the immediate

precursor, may supply needed sulfates. Taurine is reported to have an

anti-opioid effect (Braverman 1987). Those with inadequate protein in

the diet, or with poor assimilation, resulting in a deficiency of

histidine and other nutrients, form poorly sulfated GAGS robbing the

cells of ability to resist infection (that describes 100% of these

children). Additionally, it produces dysbiosis (flora imbalance) in the

gut. Those with chronic infection shed and replace GAGs so quickly that

inadequate sulfate is available even with adequate protein intake.

Vitamin A deficiency has been shown to produce an accelerated turnover

of GAGs as well as their undersulfation. When the live viral, measles

vaccine is given, it depletes the children of their existing supply of

Vitamin A. The measles virus hidden in the gut is able to create a

chronic vitamin A deficiency. Natural Vitamin A (cis form) is important

for activation of T and B cells for long-term immune memory to develop,

and it is necessary for optimal Natural Killer Cell function, Cis

Vitamin A can bypass blocked G-protein pathways and turn on central

retinoid receptors. Available zinc controls the amount of vitamin A the

liver will release. In one study, the urinary GAGs changed to normal

when the vitamin A deficiency was corrected, but if protein starvation

caused the undersulfation of GAGs, the urinary GAGs did not return to

normal with adequate protein intake, but did improve quite a bit. Most

autistic children are vitamin A deficient. Do you or your child have

bumps on shoulders, thighs, elbows, and calves? Supplement with pure

amino acids, Seacure™, Brewer's yeast, or desiccated liver for their

protein, and with Evening Primrose oil (for its GLA), and cod-liver oil

for its EPA, DHA, and vitamins A and D. Seacure™ may help. It was

Dr. Wakefield's work that showed that at the core of the problem

might be an inflammation of the gut caused by a chronic measles

infection. Dr. Wakefield's work is being vindicated by other

researchers. Under oath before Congress on April 6, 2000, Professor

O'Leary told how his state-of-the-art laboratory had identified

the measles virus, something that certainly should not have been there,

in samples taken from the intestines of 24 of the 25 patients. From

Japan: " The sequences obtained from the patients with Crohn's disease

shared the characteristics with wild-strain virus. The sequences

obtained from the patients with ulcerative colitis and children with

autism were consistent with being vaccine strains. The results were

concordant with the exposure history of the patients. Persistence of

measles virus was confirmed in PBMC (blood cells) in some patients with

chronic intestinal inflammation " -Kawashima H, Mori T, Kashiwagi Y,

Takekuma K, Hoshika A, Wakefield A, Department of Paediatrics, Tokyo

Medical University, Japan. From Canada: " The presence of measles virus

in the brain tissue was confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase

chain reaction. The nucleotide sequence in the nucleoprotein and fusion

gene regions was identical to that of the Moraten and Schwarz vaccine

strains; the fusion gene differed from known genotype A wild-type

viruses " -Bitnun A, P, Durward A, Rota PA, Bellini WJ, Graham C,

Wang E, Ford- EL, P, Becker L, Fearon M, Petric M, Tellier R;

Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children,

Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Clin Infect Dis 1999 Oct;29(4):855-61. From

Sweden: " This study provides evidence that measles virus can spread

through axonal pathways in the brain. The findings obtained in the

gene-manipulated mice point out that a compromised immune state of the

host may potentiate targeting of virus to the limbic system through

olfactory projections " -Urbanska EM; Chambers BJ; Ljunggren HG; Norrby

E; sson K, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute,

Stockholm, Sweden. The gut sheds sulfated glucosaminoglycans during

inflammation which could account for the low levels there and the high

levels in urine. This leads to a " Leaky Gut " condition, and to the

excess opioid problem. Not only do macrophages (scavenging white blood

cells) eat GAGs and release inorganic sulfate, there is a transporter

the intestines use to absorb sulfate from the diet, called the DRA

transporter. Its levels will decrease five-to-seven fold when the gut

is inflamed. That would make it extremely difficult to absorb adequate

sulfate from food or from oral supplements. The problem is a

nutritional one, but it is not one easily solved by oral

supplementation of a missing substance. The gut must be healed. Since

sulfur intake is low, and its oxidation is slow in many autistic

children, sulfate is low, and PST activity is slower than it would be

otherwise. It would seem that this sub optimality of sulphotransferase

activity is a function of low plasma sulfate levels rather than of

deficits in the actual enzyme. Cellular level enzymatic effects of

mercury's binding with proteins include blockage of sulfur oxidation

processes and of the neurotransmitter amino acids. These have been

found to be significant factors in many autistics. Thus, mercury, and

any foodstuff that requires or uses up sulfate ions during its

metabolism, will make the situation worse. These foodstuffs include

foods that supply neurotransmitters, like bananas (serotonin),

chocolate (phenylethylamine), and cheese (tyramine), apple juice (and

one mother reports her child drank a quart a day!), citrus fruit

juices, and paracetamol (Tylenol™). For instance, one or two

minutes after a dose of Tylenol™, the entire supply of sulfate in

the liver is gone! In fact, any chemicals with a high proportion of

phenolic groupings will have this effect, and will enhance the problems

referred to above. Many coloring materials, whether of natural or

synthetic origin, possess phenolic groupings. Phenol, an organic

compound, has other names such as hydroxybenzene. If the PST enzyme is

deficient or sulfoxidation is lacking in some 70% to 80% of autistic

kids as some say, it behooves mothers to seriously heed the information

in this section, and to carefully guard their children from certain

obvious sources of trouble. It is interesting to note Dr. Waring's

statement that those with the PST/low sulfation problem have central

nervous system problems from the toxic amines. For example migraine

sufferers usually have low PST activity, and are readily affected by

dietary " triggers " , especially those with amines. Compounds such as

flavonoids (red wine and citrus fruits), aged cheese, beers, chocolate,

and strong odors inhibit PST leading to headache in the less resistant.

Apple juice, citrus fruits, chocolate, and paracetamol (Tylenol™)

were precisely those that were known to precipitate migraine attacks in

susceptible individuals. It should be noted that many multivitamin

supplements, grapeseed extract, Pycnogenol™, Quercetin, and other

antioxidants contain high amounts of flavonoids. Quercetin is found in

78% of the foods. It is useful in hay fever (suppress the histamine

release), some forms of cardiovascular disease, and it chelates metals

to prevent oxidation. It decreases vascular fragility, but stimulates

adrenaline release (decreasing thymus weight), reduces general

metabolism (reduces temperature and oxygen consumption), suppresses

thyroid activity, inhibits p450 (Phase I) liver enzyme activity, and it

is linked with male impotence. From this list of negatives, one can see

it should not be used in quantity for long term. Modifications of

serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and DA metabolites [homovanillic acid

(HVA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC)] were assessed at urinary

levels. Responders and nonresponders showed a significant decrease of

urinary 5-HT levels on fenfluramine (appetite suppressant related to

amphetamine). The main differences between the two groups of subjects

were found with HVA, the major metabolite of dopamine. Fenfluramine (an

amphetamine) significantly increased HVA levels in responders whereas

no significant modification was found in nonresponders. Moreover, the

initial level of HVA (lower in responders) significantly differentiated

the two groups. These results suggest that the clinical response to

fenfluramine could be related to the dopaminergic action of this drug

and that urinary DA metabolite levels could be considered as indicators

of the responsiveness to fenfluramine treatment in children with

autistic behavior-Barthelemy C; Bruneau N; Jouve J; eau J; Muh

JP; Lelord G Source: J Autism Dev Disord, 1989 Jun, 19:2, 241-54. Drugs

such as Ritalin™ and ADDerol™ affect dopamine activity, and thus

stimulate the part of the brain that monitors the arousal system,

resulting in better regulation. There are safer ways to build dopamine

than psychostimulants, amphetamines and alcohol. In France, scientists

found administration of NADH (ENADA™) caused more than a 40%

increase in production of dopamine and norepinephrine, which are vital

for strength, coordination, movement, cognitive function, mood, and sex

drive (Birkmayer 1996). The amino acid tyrosine builds dopamine and

norepinephrine also. " ... dopamine sulphotransferase (ST) activity was

inhibited strongly by (+/-)-catechin, (+)-catechin, octyl gallate,

tartrazine (yellow #5), and vanillin (synthetic vanilla). Sulphation of

the xenobiotic steroid (foreign to the body) 17 alpha-ethinyloestradiol

(EE2) was inhibited by vanillin, erythrosin B, and octyl gallate

[antioxidant used in margarine]....Vanillin was found to inhibit 50% of

liver EE2 ST activity ... " -Common Food Additives are Potent Inhibitors

of Human liver 17 Alpha-ethinyloestradiol and Dopamine

Sulphotransferases.- Bamforth KJ, AL, RC, Coughtrie MW,

Biochem Pharmacol 1993 Nov 17;46(10):1713-20. There are a number of

consequences attributable to PST/sulfate deficiency including effects

upon the impaired breakdown and metabolism of classical

neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine; impaired breakdown

and metabolism of the bile pigments bilirubin and biliverdin; impaired

action of the hormone CCK on CCKA receptors which would result in

decreased secretion of pancreatic enzymes and of bile from the gall

bladder and biliary tract into the intestines. This would result in low

uptake of certain vitamins and other nutrients from the intestines;

reduced activity of gastrin (and subsequent reduced secretion of

stomach acid, mucus, and pepsin in the stomach), and, probably, reduced

production of secretin farther downstream. Secretin (esp. at high

concentrations) inhibits the histamine releasing action of gastrin and

pentagastrin reducing HCl as the stomach empties. Because there is a

lack of serotonin available to the brain, which causes many of the most

distressing symptoms of autism, it seems reasonable to build the

available serotonin by providing its precursor 5-HTP. The use of 25-50

mg three or four times a day (unless it causes a drowsiness that

interferes with school) should be most beneficial. If drowsiness

interferes with school, reduce the amount and/or give it later in the

day. Giving 100 mg one to four hours before bedtime has safely improved

the sleep of many. Nevertheless, a PST child may not tolerate it. If

hyperactivity or sleeplessness is observed, please discontinue. Those

with these PST deficits cannot readily excrete the phenols, amines, and

other listed toxic substances. These substances are strongly acidic,

and they exert toxic effects in the brain, where normally certain

enzymes prevent their accumulation. They build up to abnormal levels

and interfere with the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, and

noradrenaline among other things. Symptoms of PST/sulfate deficiency

are excessive thirst, normal urination, night sweats, odorous bed

clothes, black eye shadows, facial flushing, and red ears. These vary

with the degree or level of toxic buildup. Certain foods may cause

fevers, and some, especially those taking Paracetamol™

(Tylenol™), may go up to 24 hours without urination. A phenolic

compound may cause a variety of different symptoms in various

individuals. There is evidence of immune suppression on exposure to

testing doses of phenolics. There may be a drop in T- suppressor cells

or total T-cell numbers. An overabundance of B-cells was interpreted as

a reflection of toxic image to the immune system. An increase in helper

cells, antibody formation, and elevation of some immunoglobulins was

also noted. Other findings on phenolic exposure have been depressed

serotonin, elevated histamine and prostaglandins, abnormal complement

and immune complex formation. These compounds can contribute to the

toxic overload in PST, or they can precipitate an allergic reaction.

Neurologic symptoms: In severe phenol poisoning, initial signs and

symptoms may include nausea, diaphoresis (heavy perspiration),

headache, dizziness, and tinnitus (ringing ears). Seizures, coma,

respiratory depression, and death may ensue quickly. Coma and seizures

usually occur within minutes to a few hours after exposure or after a

delay of up to 18 hours. Phenol also may cause demyelination and axonal

damage of peripheral nerves. Typically, transitory central nervous

system (CNS) excitation occurs, then profound CNS depression ensues

rapidly. Metabolic acidosis and acute renal failure may complicate the

condition. Vomiting and diarrhea are common effects of phenol toxicity

by any route. Peristalsis is increased in the intestine and

distribution of blood is altered by these phenolics because of

sensitizing smooth muscles to epinephrine, norepinephrine, and other

physiological stimulants. Nutritional deficiencies will affect the

body's ability to detoxify foreign chemicals. For example, magnesium is

important in over 300 enzyme systems that relate to Phase and Phase II

detoxification; however, the average American diet is low in magnesium.

The Phase I enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase

are zinc dependent, and NAD, the coenzyme form of niacin, activates

these two enzymes that break down alcohol and acetylaldehyde (AH).

Magnesium and NAD are both dependent on adequate supplies of vitamin

B6, in the form P5P. Aldehyde oxidase requires molybdenum. A deficiency

of P5P, NAD, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, or the amino acid histidine

could significantly impair the ability to detoxify those chemicals,

especially the toxins of candida (acetylaldehyde). By supplementing

molybdenum and histidine (needed in the molybdenum- histidine containing

enzymes, sulfite oxidase and cysteine dioxygenase, that oxidize

sulfur), along with iron, and the B-complex (preferably in coenzyme

form), glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate (stimulates synthesis of the

GAGs we studied about above, and is mildly anti-inflammatory without

inhibiting the synthesis of Prostaglandins, and more effective when

taken together), minerals in sulfate form, such as iron sulfate, and

Epsom salts (magnesium sulfate-taken orally it is a good laxative for

those that need it), one may supply both the minerals and the sulfate

needed to detoxify phenols and other metabolites. When glucosamine

gives up its sulfate, it supplies glutamine. Chondroitin is comprised

of N-acetyl-D- galactosamine and D-glucuronate. Collagen Type II™

may be even better for it supplies at least 50 other types of sulfate

such as heparan, keratan, and dermatan sulfate. Curiously, bread is

sulfate rich. This program will increase the number and enhance the

efficiency of the available PST enzymes in doing their job. Buy a

quality brand (one using Good Manufacturing Practices) of

glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate that uses low molecular weight

ingredients the use of which will supply adequate GAGs to enable the

cells to resist infection. There are 4 different methods of

manufacturing glucosamine capsules. According to sources at Jarrow

Formulas, both glucosamine hydrochloride and N-Acetyl-glucosamine have

been stripped of the " sulfate " component in the manufacturing process.

Neither of these forms are expected to have any anti-viral effect

against lipid envelope viruses like HIV, EBV, CMV and HHV-6, and of

course, they would not supply needed sulfate for PST. Published

scientific research indicates that only the sulfated polysaccharides

and one sulfated monosaccharide (glucosamine sulfate) have a powerful

effect against lipid envelope viruses. If the word " hydrochloride " or

" N-Acetyl " appears anywhere on the label, do not buy it unless you are

planning to use it exclusively for arthritis or rheumatism. Remember to

choose capsules instead of tablets. In addition, take an Epsom salts

bath (two cups or more in a tub of hot water). It may be best not to

use soap as there may be chemical reactions that could be adverse. Soak

it up through the skin for 20 minutes, and don't rinse off-and don't

worry if the child drinks some of the water. This bath has been shown

to increase sulfur content of the blood up to four times. Sleep is

improved immediately, as the child is relieved of pain and calmed. I

should mention that there is a small chance of magnesium toxicity.

Decreasing kidney function, common in the elderly, may prevent

magnesium from being excreted normally leading to a toxic condition.

Initially, symptoms include: drowsiness, lethargy and weakness. At

higher levels, nausea, vomiting, and serious arrhythmia (irregular

heart beat) may occur. If this be the cause of these symptoms, they

will disappear quickly once the use of magnesium bearing products is

discontinued. -Dr. M. Ratzan, University of Connecticut Health

Center. This could only occur with very poor kidney function for the

toxic level is approximately 6000 mg daily. If there has been any

indication that the child's kidneys are not functioning fully (possibly

high creatinine levels), check with your doctor before using magnesium

(or potassium), and have him monitor magnesium/potassium levels. Strive

for high normal levels. Adequate potassium stimulates the kidneys to

excrete poisonous body wastes (usually toxic protein acids from

inadequate protein digestion). Be sure to filter chlorine, fluoride,

and other poisons from the water you drink and bath in. Chlorine in

bath water is breathed and absorbed, especially from hot water. This is

important as chlorine is a deadly poison. It can produce fatigue and

tiredness after the bath. Industrial chemist, J.P. Bercz, Ph.D., showed

in 1992 that chlorinated water alters and destroys unsaturated

essential fatty acids (EFAs), the building blocks of people's brains

and central nervous systems. The compound hypochlorite, created when

chlorine mixes with water, generates excess free radicals; these

oxidize EFAs, turning them rancid. Both chlorine and fluoride inhibit

the stomach's ability to produce HCl, and impair the ability of

beneficial flora to grow in the gut. Do not buy a filter that uses

silver as a bactericide. It is known to leak into the water and elevate

levels in the blood dangerously. While taking a warm shower or

lounging in a hot tub filled with chlorinated water one inhales

chloroform. Even worse, warm water opens the pores, causing the skin to

act like a sponge. One will absorb and inhale more chlorine in a

10-minute shower than by drinking eight glasses of the same water. This

irritates the eyes, the sinuses, throat, skin and lungs, makes the hair

and scalp dry, worsening dandruff. It can weaken immunity. A window

from the shower room open to the outdoors removes chloroform from the

shower room air, but to prevent absorption of chlorine through the

skin, a shower- head that removes chlorine from shower water is a must.

The ShowerWise™ filter and shower head can be ordered for $69, plus

two filters $129. They last about one year. An extension hose can be

used to fill the tub with filtered water. For those times when the

bath is not convenient (camping), or when one wants to increase the

amount of magnesium, but bowels are sensitive to it, one can have the

benefits of the bath with a cream. , for whom it was developed,

prefers the cream. Rub 1/2 teaspoon of the cream on the tender parts to

obtain 250 mg magnesium. The cream is especially formulated by Key

Pharmacy, 1-800-878-1322 or 1- 416-633-2244, FAX: 1-416-633-3400. Ask

for the Epsom Salts Cream. A 4 oz. jar for $29.89, plus shipping, has

approximately 48 servings. All ingredients seem safe for our children,

for it contains fatty acids, a form of lecithin, and magnesium sulfate.

The use of the cream should avoid the following possibility. One

researcher makes this observation, " I have no doubt that sulfate is a

substrate to feed (some strains of) candida. It probably takes some

energy from the SO4 form and excretes it as H2S, and robs the energy it

may be able to get from reducing the sulfur, excreting toxic H2S. " H2S

is very foul smelling, so if an increased foul- smelling gas is created

in following these recommendations, you will need to deal with the

yeast overgrowth. Sulfate is the most oxidized form of sulfur. It

doesn't need to be oxidized any more, so supplementing or bathing in

sulfate supplies what is lacking because of the body's inability to

oxidize the sulfur in foods. Oral sulfate will be poorly absorbed; so,

supplement a gram or more of sulfate each day. Some will get through.

Supplementing papain enhances absorption of sulfates. SAMe (SAM) is

said to improve sulfoxidation, in fact, it is necessary to the

manufacture of all sulfur-containing compounds in the body. Dr. Jeff

Bradstreet, MD, father of an autistic child, has this to offer: " If the

child has an unusual odor at night or their bedclothes do, or if they

sweat while asleep (PST defect), use methylsulfanylmethane (MSM), 1500

to 3000 mgs per day. In the study, 83% of autistic children were PST

abnormal, and MSM should help this. It did in our son's situation. "

MSM works with copper in many functions, and may get depleted with

copper supplementation or when high copper levels are present.

Additionally, our soils are depleted of sulfur, and such sulfonyl as

there is in foods is lost in cooking. MSM is a white, crystalline

powder that is odorless and somewhat bitter tasting. It mixes in water

more easily than sugar, and just barely affects the taste. In juice or

other beverages, it is undetectable. MSM is effective in ameliorating

gastrointestinal upsets such as that produced by the ingestion of

aspirin and other pharmaceuticals, or that from parasitic infections.

Individuals with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, chronic

constipation, nausea, hyperacidity and/or epigastric pain (having been

reported more effective than Tagamet™), or inflammation of mucous

membranes also will experience dramatic relief. Individuals presenting

symptoms of pain and inflammation associated with various

musculoskeletal system disorders, including arthritis, report

substantial and long-lasting relief. Those lacking in sulfite oxidase

cannot metabolize MSM, or the sulfite used in Chinese foods or on some

green salads, to sulfate, and may get headache, dizziness, fatigue,

wheezing, leg pain, and other symptoms. MSM also seems to cause hair

loss when there is heavy metals poisoning, particularly mercury. This

may be overcome by supplementing molybdenum and vitamin B6, and this

will enable more efficient metabolism in this pathway relieving the

sensitivity to sulfur-bearing foods, and producing needed sulfates.

Many cannot tolerate more than 500 mg MSM, yet show very positive

benefits from even this amount. So, start low and increase dosage as

you can tolerate it. Always supplement molybdenum when taking MSM. Two

hundred to 300 mcg a day may be enough, but moly absorbs poorly, and

adults may require 1000 mcg twice daily for three or four months or

longer to overcome this aversion to sulfur-bearing foods. One should

note that mercury binds to the -SH (sulphydryl) groups, resulting in

inactivation of sulfur and blocking of enzyme function, producing

toxicity. Sulfur is essential in enzymes, hormones, nerve tissue, and

red blood cells. Mercury also blocks the metabolic action of manganese

and the entry of calcium ions into cytoplasm. Mercury thus has the

potential to disturb all metabolic processes. Under these conditions

MSM should be most helpful. DMSO is being used as the solvent in

transdermal secretin. This is essentially the same as MSM. At least one

Mom is reported to have found good results with DMSO alone. When she

added secretin further gains were noted, but when she ran out of

secretin, the gains continued with DMSO alone! DMSO has long had a

reputation as a panacea for about everything that ails you. A case in

point, applying it to the abdomen has alleviated all symptoms of

colitis and Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Both it and MSM work wonders for

arthritis. To avoid skin dryness, dilute it 15% with distilled water.

If the child can metabolize organic sulfur (like MSM/DMSO) all the way

to sulfate, then MSM is a good way of increasing sulfate. However, if

the enzyme sulfite oxidase is not working well, then MSM is a bad idea.

Sulfite oxidase requires molybdenum as a cofactor, and since mercury

depletes selenium; and mercury, MSM, oral sulfate, and copper tends to

deplete molybdenum, selenium and molybdenum must be supplemented.

Conversely, tungsten inhibits the action of molybdenum and thus of the

molybdenum-based enzymes sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and

aldehyde oxidase. This would likely cause an excess of molybdenum to

accumulate. Thus, both excess mercury and excess tungsten would create

a shortage of the listed enzymes. A coenzyme, vitamin B-complex

supplement of moderate potency should be supplemented. One mother in

supplementing molybdenum reports that her daughter, who was doing quite

well, regressed into severe, autistic symptoms for three days,

including 18 hours of screaming- possibly due to detoxifying. Her doctor

urged her to cease, but she stayed the course, and today her daughter

is far and away better! This is serious stuff. Incidentally, a gross

deficiency of molybdenum manifests as tachycardia, headache, mental

disturbances, and coma. An excess intake of 10-15 mg daily (for adults)

can cause a gout like syndrome because of an elevated production of

uric acid. Dosage range should not exceed 1 mg per day (adult), bearing

in mind that more than 0.5 mg causes a loss of copper. Very little

molybdenum is needed, but it is an important element in several

important metalloenzymes (xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and

sulfite oxidase) that participate in crucial liver detoxification

pathways. Until the body regains its ability to oxidize sulfur, it may

be desirable to limit high sulfur containing foods (cruciferous

vegetables, broccoli, onions, garlic, turnips, eggs, red meat, turkey,

dairy products); and supplements like alpha lipoic acid, glutathione,

L-cysteine, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC can be better tolerated when used

with its team mates, the amino acids glycine and glutamine in ratio

2:1:1, and the B-complex vitamins. It should be tried for the

glutathione it produces is so vital). Those who have a problem with

these foods likely have an impaired sulfur oxidation (a cysteine

oxidation) problem, and should be alert to cysteine toxicity. Even

those who do not oxidize cysteine well can usually tolerate NAC at 500

mg daily (adult dose) without contributing to cysteine toxicity.

Supplying any of these sulfur foods may be a problem to some of these

kids who do not oxidize sulfur well. One indicator may be fatigue after

eating these. Unless a problem is observed, however, these foods should

not be restricted unnecessarily for that will cause a reduction of the

vital antioxidant glutathione, and interfere with the conversion of T4

thyroid hormone into T3. Blueberry extract, grape seed extract, pine

tree bark, Resveratrol, green tea, and other things have phenols,

salicylates, and other stuff that are normally detoxified by PST.

Some recent studies indicate that salicylate has an effect on PST, an

enzyme needed by the brain and the gut to metabolize high-phenolic

compounds like the artificial colors and flavors. Salicylate suppresses

PST enzymes up to 50%. Phase II has been shown to be low for people

with ADHD or autism. Excess boron interferes with the metabolism

(breakdown and excretion) of phenols. Ritalin, used in the treatment of

ADHD, inhibits the metabolism of coumarins (phenols). Supplementing

boron reduces calcium losses by 30%, but excess boron increases copper

in the body. High copper levels reduce the vitamin B1, and this reduces

oxygen supply to the brain. Excess boron reduces the vitamin B6 levels

in the body also. Boron is found in apples, pears, grapes, nuts, leafy

green vegetables, and legumes. Supplying these substances, especially

apples, pears, and grapes, or their juices in large amounts to PST

deficient children, will cause a build up of phenols, amines,

salicylates, and other toxic substances normally cleared by PST. In

fact, any chemicals with a high proportion of phenolic groupings will

have this effect, and will enhance the problems referred to above.

Methyl Salicylate: (Salicylic Acid, Wintergreen Oil) is one such. This

phenolic is toxic in moderate concentrations. It is used in birch beer,

chewing gum (in high concentrations), grape, mint, root beer,

sarsaparilla, spice, walnut and wintergreen flavor in baked goods,

beverages, candy, ice cream, ices, syrups, mint-scented cleaning

products, and in perfumery. Symptoms of methyl salicylate poisoning are

acidosis, pulmonary edema and vomiting. This compound has lethal drug

interactions with many substances including anticoagulants, tricyclic

antidepressants, indocin, and methotrexate. Gallic Acid is another.

Gallic Acid is found in food coloring agents and is, unquestionably,

the most important of all phenolics. Neutralization of gallic acid is

the basis of the Feingold Diet, which eliminates salicylates. Beef

patties containing 30% fat and grilled over mesquite wood had 24

aromatics at a total concentration of 549 g/kg of meat while the same

beef cooked over hardwood (hickory) charcoal had 16 aromatics

representing 68 g/kg. A heavy smoke flavor would produce a higher

concentration of phenols than light smoke. Hamburgers barbecued with

lots of smoke (especially in a covered grill) may be a potential phenol

problem as well as smoked bacon. Smoked bacon cured with nitrates is

even more toxic than phenols by themselves. Additionally, fruit sugars

will feed the candida causing an explosive overgrowth with increased

acetylaldehyde toxins. Candida also produces arabinose and tartaric

acid. Dr. Wm. Shaw of The Great Plains Laboratory, Inc. thinks that

high concentrations of arabinose may inhibit the liver's production of

glucose, causing hypoglycemia and impairing neurological function.

Cheney described two boys diagnosed as autistic. Their urine test

showed high levels of arabinose and tartaric acid. Tartaric acid looks

like malic acid, and poisons cells by interfering with the Krebs Cycle.

Both boys had been on repeated antibiotics for recurring ear

infections, and had not been autistic until recently. They were about

six years old. In these unusual cases, when the boys were treated with

Nystatin™, they both recovered, and were no longer autistic! Many

coloring materials (porphyrin), whether of natural or synthetic origin,

possess phenolic groupings. For this reason, some practitioners

recommend the removal of all pigmented foods from the diet (Sara's

Diet). This may not be necessary due to the nature of enzyme activity

(the greater the need, the faster it works), but you must at least

eliminate juices (or limit to a little pear juice), and eliminate all

artificial colors and flavors. Avoid " deodorant " soaps and deodorants

containing " triclosan, " a chlorophenol. It should be noted that

problems relating to inhibition of cytochrome p450 liver enzymes (Phase

I liver detoxing) are involved with porphyrin in the foods and

supplements named in the above paragraphs. Additionally, potatoes,

tomatoes, and egg plant contain glycoalkaloids, that, even in small

amounts, can greatly slow the metabolism of anesthetic agents and

muscle relaxants, requiring up to 10 times longer to recover from an

anesthetic. DPT immunization in inbred mice has been shown to result

in decreased synthesis of cytochrome p450, and of

phosphosulfotransferase, and of the messenger RNA necessary for their

production. A decrease in production of the liver enzymes

phosphosulfotransferase and the cytochrome p450 family of enzymes

causes failure to break down food proteins (including gluten and

casein) into amino acids. The resulting intermediates, called peptides,

can cross into the blood. Anything that further inhibits these

cytochrome p450 liver enzymes would compound the problem of toxicity,

and further contribute to the opioid problem. " Treatment of the latter

(candida) with conventional synthetic antifungal agents often causes

impairment of liver detoxification functions, and a decrease in the

synthesis of phosphosulfotransferase, an enzyme necessary to cleave

food proteins, e.g. casein, into smaller easily absorbable

peptides. " -Dr. Hugh Fudenberg, MD. Many drugs and opiates interfere

with the immune system. Opiates increase apoptosis (cell suicide) of

T-lymphocytes from the norm of 5% to 30%. Additionally, multiple

chemical sensitivities and liver pain would likely result.

Metallothioneins (MT) are small (short) cysteine-rich proteins that do

more than just help cells detoxify, scavenge free radicals, and

regulate metals. They are involved in cell growth and cell

specialization (differentiation) and homeostasis. Growth factors such

as epidermal growth factor (EGF) cause rat liver cells to grow and

secrete MT. Zinc also stimulated MT and EGF+ zinc made the effect

additive (the EGF effect plus the zinc effect). It is believed that

lots of growth factors that influence liver regeneration play a major

role in regulating MT synthesis and secretion. Walsh, senior

scientist, Health Research Institute and Pfeiffer Treatment Center of

Naperville, Ill., in his study of 503 children with PDD, Asperger's,

and autism, found all but four were missing MT, which the body needs to

bind with toxic metals-like mercury-so it can be excreted before it

damages the brain and gut. Walsh believes a child who lacks MT may

develop any of these developmental conditions if he gets mercury in his

system. This may explain why some children become autistic after

receiving a mercury- enhanced vaccine. It also explains why autism hits

before the age of 3. After that, the brain and the gut have matured

enough to withstand further doses of mercury, although the child may

develop ADD and lesser developmental problems. Glutathione (along with

L-histidine and zinc) is a key resource for the formation of

metallothionein (MT). This molecule prevents cellular toxicity by

creating a stable storage molecule for excesses of both essential

minerals such as copper and zinc, and toxic metals such as mercury and

cadmium. In 1995, Sato et al. reported that inhibition of

glutathione-S-transferase induces decreased expression of MT. Walsh

recently reported that 91% of autistic patients had a deficiency of

metallothionein, and suggested this deficiency is likely to be genetic,

and may be a primary susceptibility factor for neurotoxicity from heavy

metals including vaccinal thimerosal. The cumulative effects of

ingesting mercury can cause brain damage. Thimerosal, a mercury

compound, is used as a preservative in hepatitis B, diphtheria,

pertussis and acellular pertussis, tetanus and HIB vaccines. Most

infants have received a total of 15 doses of these mercury-containing

vaccines by age six months! Studies document thimerosal as both an

allergen and a toxin to sodium channels. Another interesting

connection: Some cysteine is broken down into taurine and sulfates

unless the essential enzyme cysteine dioxygenase is lacking. In some

cases, the sulfur-oxidation of cysteine is defective. About 30% of the

population are slow sulfur-oxidizers and 2% are " nul " S-oxidizers, but

in a small study of autistics, 45.8% were " null " oxidizers! It appears

that, in a high percentage of autistics, oxidation of cysteine is

impaired. Slow S-oxidation appears to be inherited, and has been

associated with a number of disease states, especially rheumatoid

arthritis and allergy that are five times more common in the families

of autistic children. One study of severe food and chemical allergies

found 94% had low S- oxidation capacity and reduced plasma sulfate. It

appears, then, that the PST-troubled kid has numerous allergies, a

light-colored stool, a failure to digest fat from a lack of

taurine-formed bile, and is phenol toxic for want of sulfates. This

condition might be indicated by an elevated copper and mercury reading

indicating not enough bile is being made by the liver. This can

sometimes be improved by taking taurine, and glycine, and the overall

condition can be improved by supplementing sulfates. This seems to be

added reason to supplement L- histidine and molybdenum. The liver should

be supported as indicated elsewhere in this paper. Clinical studies

showing that autistic children with significant allergy problems have

elevated cysteine/sulfate ratios in their blood, and there are other

indications of disordered sulfur amino-acid chemistry. High plasma

cysteine/sulfate ratio indicates a problem of the body either consuming

or wasting sulfate too fast, or not properly forming sulfate in the

enzyme cascade. Cysteine itself is usually in normal or elevated range,

and the problems are concerning the sulfate. Sulfite oxidase is the

enzyme at the end of the metabolic chain from methionine > cysteine >

taurine > sulfate, and is a histidine- molybdenum enzyme. Supplementing

sulfate would surely be a benefit for the problems directly related to

not having enough sulfate for completing detox and sulfating GAGs.

However, some health problems may be caused by the intermediate

products of the impaired sulfur- oxidation, and not just the lack of

sulfate. High plasma or tissue cysteine, that is, cysteine that is

above the normal range, irrespective of the sulfate levels, is actually

quite a different problem, indicating a failure of the first enzyme

step in metabolizing cysteine. This enzyme, cysteine dioxygenase (CDO),

is an iron-histidine enzyme. People with high cysteine levels will

report discomfort and illness as a direct result of eating

methionine/cysteine rich meats and plants such as garlic and broccoli.

Don't take the glutathione precursors that contribute directly to the

cysteine pool. Both L- cysteine and whole glutathione do this. It's of

interest to note that cysteine is commonly incorporated into

pharmacological preparations as a stabilizer for peptides such as

secretin. Standard chemical calculations show that a rapid infusion of

1.0 mg cysteine HCl, as contained in a vial of porcine secretin, will

produce a significant increase in the plasma concentration of cysteine.

Since secretin is not currently given in a weight dependent manner, the

lower the weight of an individual, the greater the increase in

cysteine's plasma concentration. The increase in the cysteine level

from one vial of secretin is negligible in adults, but almost doubles

the plasma concentration in a 30 pound child. This could have very

definite toxic effects for some with a sulfoxidation problem (PST

kids). Cysteine possesses excitatory neurotransmitter properties,

acting centrally and peripherally at NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) type

glutamate receptors (Parsons et al., 1997). This effect in the CNS may

be responsible for hyperactivity reported by some parents soon after a

child receives secretin. In the presence of bicarbonate ions in the GI

tract (such as the bicarbonate-rich pancreatic fluid induced by

secretin), cysteine becomes a potent excitotoxin ( et al.,

1991) which could account for anecdotal reports of loose stools or

diarrhea a few days after a secretin infusion. NAC does not contribute

directly to cysteine toxicity unless you take massive amounts of it.

Around 500 mg/day (adult) you stand to benefit without significantly

increasing risk of cysteine toxicity. The common thread in all of these

failing enzymes is the need for adequate L-histidine. L-histidine is

used by the body in many metal/mineral bearing enzymes, storage

molecules, transport and excretion molecules. People having

metal/mineral enzyme problems, or metal/mineral disregulations should

be looking at supplementing this amino acid in addition to adjusting

their source of minerals such as molybdenum, copper, iron, zinc, and

manganese. In fact, histidine is such a powerful chelator of heavy

metals and minerals that it should probably be used only under medical

supervision lest a deficiency of necessary minerals be created.

Following the Feingold diet plan will benefit these kids by exclusion

of foods known to include phenols. Salicylates, dyes, sodium benzoate,

BHA, BHT, FD & C yellow dye #5 (tartrazine), vanillin, eugenol are all

phenolic compounds. For a small membership fee, The Feingold

Association will provide a listing of foods to avoid, as well as a

continually updated list of safe foods. Their address is: Feingold

Association of the United States, PO Box 6550, andria, VA 22306,

1-800-321-3287. Short of avoiding all these otherwise good foods

containing phenols and malonic acid, what can a PST child do to counter

these undesirable happenings? Take a teaspoon of apple cider vinegar

several times a day as recommended elsewhere in this paper. Two mothers

report that Cranberry juice has reduced or eliminated these effects,

probably by reducing the yeast overgrowth. One should use Schizandra

Chinensis, a very important liver herb. It protects the liver function

and tissue from toxic damage, and has demonstrated a clinically

significant influence on the detoxification process. Schizandra extract

enhances liver glutathione status, and increases Phase I and Phase II

liver enzyme activity. It has no toxic activity. Glutathione is a

substrate for Phase II activity, and particularly for

glutathione-S-transferase (GST), a Phase II enzyme that adds a

glutathione group to Phase I products. Ambrotose®,

Phyt•Aloe®, Dandelion, Ligustrum lucidum, Bovine colostrum,

Shark liver oil, excipients of powdered rice bran, Schizandra, Green

Tea, vitamins A, C, E, undenatured whey, and wheat grass all produce

glutathione effectively without any adverse toxicity or without messing

with the Phase I or Phase II enzyme activity. A number of foods

stimulate the body to produce more of the Phase II enzymes. These foods

have been shown to improve liver detoxification, and to decrease the

risk of developing cancer. They include members of the cabbage family

(crucifers), which includes not only cabbage but broccoli, cauliflower,

bok choy, Brussels sprouts, green onions, garlic, and kale (all but one

are in Phyt•Aloe®). These vegetables contain compounds called

aryl isothiocyanates which directly stimulate the activity of an

enzyme, glutathione S- transferase, an important component of the Phase

II system. Unfortunately, these same vegetables contain high levels of

phenols which is the toxin not being excreted adequately in PST kids.

They also supply high sulfur that some cannot tolerate, and of course,

some are allergic to them. Some have found Essaic™ tea helpful in

this condition. Dr. Hugh Fudenberg uses it with his immune-compromised

patients, and states that it heals the endothelial cells of the GI

tract and the liver. It is a proprietary formula of Burdock Root

(arctium lappa), Slippery Elm (ulmas vulva), Sheep Sorrel (rumex

acetosella), and Indian Rhubarb (rheuma palmatum). It probably should

be used intermittently for Burdock is toxic to the liver and peripheral

blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Sheep Sorrel enhances cytochrome p450

(Phase I) liver enzymes which will deplete fatty acids, steroids,

estrogen, Prostaglandins, retinoic acid (vitamin A), glycine, and body

alcohols faster, and make many drugs less effective. At least be aware,

and if you use it, supplement fatty acids (Evening Primrose and

cod-liver oil if your child can tolerate them) and glycine, and have

the doctor watch the liver and PBMC functions carefully. For limited

periods, use of herbs that enhance Phase I liver enzyme action would

seem beneficial to those without the PST/sulfoxidation problem. It can

be dangerous for PST kids because the more toxic metabolites of Phase I

action cannot be cleared effectively by PST (Phase II deficient) types.

Nevertheless, enhancement of Phase I could enhance breakdown of protein

to amino acids, and limit the peptides that upon entering the blood

stream produce opioids. Some nontoxic herbs that do that are Milk

Thistle, Bistort, Ginger, Royal Jelly, and the aforementioned sheep

sorrel. Dandelion is nontoxic, a good chelator and detoxifier, and has

no effect on the Phase I function, thus it may be the best choice for

strengthening the liver function. I strongly advise that you get the

small book " The Liver Cleansing Diet, Love Your Liver and Live Longer "

by Cabot, MD, and follow this liver friendly guide to eating.

Half the small book consists of recipes. It can make a world of

difference when the liver functions as it should-otherwise nothing else

really works. Three things that build the liver, even reversing

hepatitis, are Alpha Lipoic acid, Milk Thistle (for short time use),

and selenium. --------------------------------- Still on the topic of

PST kids, if you are looking for a phase I AND II liver support here is

a product: http://www.herbalalternatives.com/mtsxp.html

<http://www.herbalalternatives.com/mtsxp.html> I suggest browsing

through and looking at ALL of their products. I have ordered the liver

support above and one of their immune supports and plan on trying

others. The thing I like best is they are all liquid drops!

http://www.bbbautism.com/epsom_condensed_plaintext.htm

<http://www.bbbautism.com/epsom_condensed_plaintext.htm>

>

> Is anyone else having problems accessing documents in the files

section? I just pointed someone to location of the fantastic Sulfur and

PST paper, but when I went to it myself it's says " The requested

document is not accessible. "

>

> Does anyone know who wrote the paper? I'd love to get permission to

put a copy it in the autism biomed bay area group files, since I

refer people to it frequently.

>

> Thanks!

>

>

>

[Guest guest]

" Sulfur and PST " in the Related Topics and Supplements folder.

I have a copy of it somewhere on another computer, but I don't want to send it

around without the authors permission. Normally I just point people to join this

group for access to it. And they usually stay because it's such a great

group.... ;-)

>

>

> I can't get any either.

> which paper are you refering to?

>