MicroNutrients | Proteins / Amino Acids...

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April 25, 2009

Proteins / Amino Acids

Proteins

Amino Acid

Sources

Function Alanine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate,

corn, dairy products, eggs, fish, gelatin, lactalbumin, legumes, meat,

nuts, seafood, seeds, soy, whey, whole grains. Alanine is vital for the

production of protein, essential for proper function of the central

nervous system and helps form neurotransmitters. Only the L form of

amino acids are constituents of protein. An important source of energy

for muscle tissue, the brain and central nervous system; strengthens the

immune system by producing antibodies; helps in the metabolism of sugars

and organic acids.

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Arginine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, carob, caseinate,

chocolate, dairy products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts,

oatmeal, popcorn, raisins, seafood, seeds, sesame seeds, soy, sunflower

seeds, whey, whole grains. Arginine is vital for the production of

protein. Only the L form of amino acids are constituents of protein.

Arginine crosses the blood-brain barrier, is a precursor for nitric

oxide and is a responsible for the secretion of hormones such as growth

hormone, glucagon and insulin. Assists in wound healing, helps remove

excess ammonia from the body, stimulates immune function, and promotes

secretion of several hormones, including glucagon, insulin, and growth

hormone.

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Asparagine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds,

soy, whey, whole grains. Asparagine is a non-essential amino acid that

the body can manufacture in the liver. Only the L form of amino acids

are constituents of protein.

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Aspartic Acid Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds,

soy, sugar beet molasses, whey, whole grains, young sugar cane.

Hydrolysis of asparagine. Reaction of ammonia with diethyl fumarate.

Combines with other amino acids to form compounds that absorb and remove

toxins from the bloodstream.

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Citruline Melons; Watermelon, Cantaloupe, Cucumber. It is used for the

detoxification of ammonia, a byproduct of protein breakdown, and in the

treatment of fatigue. It is also thought to stimulate the immune system.

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Cystine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds,

soy, whey, whole grains. Hydrolysis of keratin. Strengthens the

protective lining of the stomach and intestines, which may help prevent

damage caused by aspirin and similar drugs. Functions as an antioxidant

and is a powerful aid to the body in protecting against radiation and

pollution.

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Glutamic Acid Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and

protein-rich plant foods The most common excitatory (stimulating)

neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, has protective effects

on the heart muscle in people with heart disease.

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Glutamine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds,

soy, whey, whole grains. Hydrolysis of gluten, beet root or other

proteins. Serves as a source of fuel for cells lining the intestines,

also used by white blood cells and is important for immune function.

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Glutathione Fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, fish, meat,

asparagus, avocado, and walnuts A significant component of the

collective antioxidant defenses, and a highly potent antioxidant and

antitoxin in its own right.

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Glycine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, gelatin, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts,

seafood, seeds, soy, sugar cane, whey, whole grains. Reaction of ammonia

with chloroacetic acid. The ability to inhibit neurotransmitter signals

in the central nervous system.

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Histidine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds,

soy, whey, whole grains. Neurotransmitter, stimulant of gastric

secretion, vasodilator, and blood pressure regulator.

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Hydroxyproline Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, gelatin, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts,

seafood, seeds, soy, whey, whole grains. Non-essential amino acid, a

precursor of proline which is needed for collagen production.

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Isoleucine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, corn,

dairy products, eggs, fish, hemp seed, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts,

pumpkin seed, seafood, seeds, soy, squash seed, whey, whole grains.

Synthetic: amination of alpha-bromo-beta-methylvaleric acid. Helps

preventing muscle protein breakdown during exercise, preventing muscle

loss at high altitudes and prolonging endurance performance in the heat.

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Leucine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, corn, dairy

products, eggs, fish, hemp seed, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts,

pumpkin seeds, seafood, seeds, soy, squash seeds, whey, whole grains.

Synthetic: alpha-bromo acid. Helps with the regulation of blood-sugar

levels, the growth and repair of muscle tissue (such as bones, skin and

muscles), growth hormone production, wound healing as well as energy

regulation. Prevents the breakdown of muscle proteins.

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Lysine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, cheese, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, lima beans, meat, milk,

nuts, potatoes, seafood, seeds, soy, whey, whole grains, yeast.

Fermentation of glucose or other carbohydrates, synthesis from

caprolactam. Helps with the building of muscle protein, assists in

fighting herpes and cold sores. It is required for growth and bone

development in children, assists in calcium absorption and maintaining

the correct nitrogen balance in the body and maintaining lean body mass.

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Methionine Brewer's yeast, caseinate, dairy products, eggs, fish,

lactalbumin, meat, seafood, whey. Synthesized from HCN, acrolein and

methyl mercaptan. Supplies sulfur and other compounds required by the

body for normal metabolism and growth. Improves memory recall in people

with AIDS-related nervous system degeneration.

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Ornithine Meat, fish, dairy, and eggs. Induces the release of growth

hormone in the body, which in turn helps with fat metabolism. It is

required for a properly functioning immune system and liver and assists

in ammonia detoxification and liver rejuvenation. Helps in healing and

repairing skin and tissue.

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Phenylalanine Almonds, avocado, bananas, beans, brewer's yeast, brown

rice bran, caseinate, cheese, corn, cottage cheese, dairy products,

eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, lima beans, meat, nuts, ovalbumin,

peanuts, pickled herring, pumpkin seeds, seafood, seeds, sesame seeds,

soy, whey, whole grains. Synthesis of alpha-acetaminocinnamic acid.

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Influences certain chemicals in the brain that relate to pain sensation.

Helpful for some people with Parkinson's disease and has been used

to treat chronic pain. It is used in elevating the mood since it is so

closely involved with the nervous system. It helps with memory and

learning. It has been used as an appetite suppressant.

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Proline Avocados, beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate,

dairy products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood,

seeds, soy, whey, whole grains. Synthesized from ornithine and glutamic

acid. Helps strengthen cardiac muscle, improves skin texture and aids

collagen formation and helps contain the loss of collagen during aging.

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Serine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds,

soy, whey, whole grains. Synthesized from glycine. Serine is required

for the metabolism of fat, tissue growth and the immune system as it

assists in the production of immunoglobulins and antibodies.

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Taurine Brewer's yeast, caseinate, dairy products, eggs, fish,

lactalbumin, meat, ox bile, seafood. Is needed for fat digestion,

absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, the control of cholesterol serum

levels in the body, maintaining cell membrane integrity.

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Threonine Beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate, dairy

products, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes, meat, nuts, seafood, seeds,

soy, whey, whole grains. Threonine is important for the formation of

many proteins and tooth enamel, collagen, and elastrin. It metabolizes

fat and prevents the buildup of fat in the liver, and is useful with

intestinal disorders, and indigestion. Antiulcer.

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Tryptophan Bananas, beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice bran, caseinate,

cottage cheese, dairy products, dates, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, legumes,

meat, milk, nuts, peanuts, protein (hydrolysis), seafood, seeds, soy,

turkey, whey, whole grains. Synthetic: conversion of indole to gramine

with methylation then interaction with acetylaminomalonic ester and

hydrolysis. Tryptophan is essential for the production of the B

vitamin, niacin, which is vital for the brain to manufacture the key

neurotransmitter, serotonin. It enhances the release of growth hormones,

and suppresses the appetite.

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Tyrosine Almonds, avocados, bananas, beans, brewer's yeast, brown rice

bran, caseinate, cheese, cottage cheese, dairy products, eggs, fish,

lactalbumin, legumes, lima beans, meat, milk, nuts, peanuts, pickled

herring, pumpkin seeds, seafood, seeds, sesame seeds, soy, whey, whole

grains. Helps in suppressing the appetite and reducing body fat,

production of skin and hair pigment, the proper functioning of the

thyroid as well as the pituitary and adrenal gland.

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Valine Dairy products and red meat. Whey protein and egg protein

supplements. Promotes mental vigor, muscle coordination and calm

emotions. Preventing muscle loss at high altitudes.

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