HIV/AIDS spreading fast in western Odisha.

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HIV/AIDS spreading fast in western Odisha

Sudhir Mishra | Balangir

BHUBANESWAR | Saturday, August 21, 2010

Ask anybody about western Odisha, and the answer would be of a backward area

where concentration of poverty, mass migration and malnutrition is high, even

though it has a high concentration of mineral and mining is common.

Unfortunately, western Odisha is also lags in healthcare facilities. 

Recent reports of HIV/AIDS spreading its tentacles here with as many as 184

persons succumbing to AIDS in 12 backward districts of

the State have made the situation grim. There are around 2,400 HIV positive

people in this region, even as the United Nations has declared combating

HIV/AIDS as one of its Millennium Development Goal (MDG) and universal access to

health services as one of the basic human rights. 

According to a report of Odisha State AIDS Control Society, there are a total of

17,708 people living with HIV in Odisha out of which 11,052 are men and 6,656

are women. Out of 1,407 AIDS patients, 1,109

have succumbed to the dreaded disease, says the report. 

In 12 districts of Odisha - Jharsuguda, Sambalpur, Deogarh, Bargarh, Kalahandi,

Nuapada, Nawarangpur, Rayagada, Balangir, Sonepur,

Boudh and Kandhamal - a total of 184 persons have died and 2,395 people are HIV

positive. 

In Jharsuguda district, a total of 114 cases have been detected so far while

four have died from AIDS. In Sambalpur district,

there are 673 HIV positive cases and out of 39 AIDS patients reported, 33 have

succumbed to the disease. In Bargarh district, 180 HIV positive cases have been

detected and six have died from AIDS. In Nuapada district, 150 persons have are

HIV positive and 19 people have died from AIDS.

In Kalahandi district, 264 people have been detected as HIV positive and three

have succumbed to the decease. In Rayagada district, 431 have been identified as

HIV positive and 51 have died from AIDS. In Nawarangpur district, 409 have been

identified as HIV positive and 15 have died from AIDS. In Boudh district, 326

persons have been

identified as HIV positive. In Kandhamal district, 32 have been identified as

HIV positive and 15 have died from AIDS. In Sonepur district, 17 persons have

been identified as HIV positive. 

Balangir, which is known for its acute poverty and mass migration, has now 465

HIV positive cases and 39 have died so far. However, official figures state that

327 people have been identified as HIV

positive. 

Counselors have been appointed in all the 14 blocks of the district but there

are only five technicians. 

It is futile to expect a person of Tureikela or Muribahal to come to Titlagarh

for blood test. The appointment of laboratory technicians is done by the Odisha

State AIDS Control Society. We have nothing

to say, says an official here. We are trying to manage by imparting training to

our technicians on HIV testing and posting them in migrant-prone blocks of the

districts, said CDMO Dr PC Sahu. 

The second ART centre in western Odisha was opened in Balangir after Burla in

May this year. But it has not opened in a full-fledged manner as there is no

permanent staff and only one medical officer

and a pharmacist has been posted. 

According to reports, the ART centre at Burla is not functioning effectively. We

have to inform officials of the ART centre about the patients. Patients who come

here are allegedly harassed by the

officials. The drug adherence centre at Burla does not function and patients

face a lot of inconvenience. There is a network of HIV positive people in

Balangir which is called the Balangir Network of Positive People but they are

not able to do anything. 

Even as 327 people have been detected HIV positive, this is just the tip of the

iceberg given the mass migration. The number of

infected people can go up to one per cent of the total population or 1,500

people of the district. 

Ignorance among people, lackadaisical attitude among personnel involved in

combating HIV/AIDS and absence of laboratory

technicians fail to give the real picture. After the ICTC centre started in

Titlagarh, the number of HIV positive cases went up rapidly. If the ICTC centres

function with full-time laboratory technicians, the number is expected rise. 

There is every possibility of the number of HIV positive cases going up to 1,500

in Balangir district alone and other migrant-prone backward districts like

Nuapada, Kalahandi and Rayagada are

equally vulnerable, points out an NGO activist. 

The integrated counseling and testing facility (ICTC) has been provided only in

districts belonging to A and B category in HIV

prevalence while the C category districts are being overlooked. It must be noted

that the prevalence of HIV is high in regions where there is acute poverty and

migration, argues an official here. 

Ironically, even after six years of elapse of the OSCAS, its website does not

provide any data or information about the prevalence of the disease. 

According to reports, major modes of transmission of HIV/AIDS are unsafe sex

followed by blood transfusion and it affects mostly

the youth in the age group of 14 to 35 years. 

Migration has been one of the major factors in western Odisha for the spread of

HIV among the rural people. The spouses of migrant labourers of western Odisha

are vulnerable to the disease but neither

they can challenge and defy the patriarchal system nor can get rid of the

infection without preventive measures. 

The health rights of the rural poor need to be addressed through inclusive

approach. The HIV testing facility is still not

available in all CHCs. The absence of laboratory technicians in ICTCs makes the

entire system non-functional, said Sashikant Mallick of ActionAid. 

Changing lifestyle, poverty, mass migration and lack of access of universal

treatment of HIV people have worsened the situation, besides the stigma and

discrimination attached with the disease. 

While the big bosses implementing the projects are getting huge salary and

luxury, bottom level workers are fed up with heavy work

entrusted by their officers, rued an NGO activist. 

Worse, even as the United Nations has put combating HIV/AIDS as one of the

millennium development goals (MDG), and India is a signatory to it, it has not

even started and even worse, it is spreading

and absence of testing facilities and personnel has been causing much

inconvenience. 

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